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Metrologiya yinganda, siyanse yo gupima neza, yashingiraga ibikoresho bikomeye kandi bihamye mu binyejana byinshi. Muri ibyo, Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma Kandi impinduka zabo—fungura ibyapa hejuru yicyuma, Gupakira Icyuma, na Fata amasaha y’ibinyampeke—bakinnye inshingano zingenzi mu kubungabunga neza munzu, Ubwubatsi, nubuyobozi bwiza. Iyi ngingo ikurikirana iterambere ryayo, iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, no kwihanganira inganda zigezweho.

Inkomoko ningingo zinganda zamasahani yicyuma 

Ikoreshwa rya cAST Icyuma Amatariki asubira muri revolution yinganda za mbere, mugihe ibikoresho byabipimo bisanzwe byahoze. Gutera Icyuma, byahawe ibihembo byayo, kunyeganyega-kumenagura imitungo, no kurwanya imico, byabaye ibikoresho byo guhitamo kugirango bireme hejuru. Hagati yikinyejana cya 18, injeniyeri baramenye fungura ibyapa hejuru yicyuma irashobora kuba ibikoresho shingiro bigamije imiterere, kugenzura, no guterana.

Icyapa hakiri kare cyari rudimentary, akenshi cyakuweho kugirango ugere hafi-gufunga. Ariko, hazaho ibikoresho byimashini mu kinyejana cya 19 byemereye cyane gusya no gusya. Iki gihe cyabonye ibipimo ngenderwaho fungura ibyapa hejuru yicyuma Mu nganda, aho zingirakamaro kuri kalibrading gauuge, kugenzura igice cya geometries, no kwemeza kubyutsa kubyutsa umusaruro mwinshi. Umutekano wabo wubushyuhe nubushobozi bwo gukomeza gukwirakwira munsi yumutwaro uhagaze nkuko bikomeza imirongo.

Kunonosora neza: Uruhare rw’amasahani atera amasahani ya plalogiya muri metrologiya 

Nkibikorwa byinganda byakuze byinshi, niko hakenewe ultra. Injira Gupakira Icyuma, ibikoresho byihariye byagenewe kugera ku rwego rwa Micron-urwego binyuze mu kunonosorwa. Bitandukanye nibisanzwe Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma, amasahani ateranya inzira yitonze yo gusya hamwe n’ibibabi byiza, nka diyama cyangwa aluminium oxide, kugirango ukureho ubusembwa bwa microscopique.

Iterambere rya Gupakira Icyuma Mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 19 Urufatiro rw’inganda za interineti zimeze neza nka optics na vokaki, aho milimeter ya sub-milimeter yari ikomeye. Izi masahani zafashaga gukora igipimo cya Master na Reference, kugenzura ubudahuzamira imiyoboro yo gukora isi yose. Uyu munsi, Gupakira Icyuma Komeza kuba ingenzi kugirango uhindure ibikoresho birebire byimazeyo, tubikesha hejuru yubunyangamugayo bwabo no kwambara.

Bitandukanye no kurwanya imihindagurikire y’ikirenga: ubwihindurize bw’isahani yo hejuru y’icyuma 

Mugihe fungura ibyapa hejuru yicyuma Inganda ziremereye, byoroshye Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma yasanze porogaramu mumahugurwa mato nuburezi. Byakozwe uhereye kumanota yo hasi yicyuma, aya masahani arumurijwe nuburyo buhagije kubikorwa nka prototyping cyangwa kugenzura byibanze. Igihe kirenze, iterambere risanzwe rya siyansi ryateje imbere kurwanya ruswa n’ubushobozi bwumutwaro, kwagura akamaro.

Ikinyejana cya 20 cyashyize ahagaragara modular ibishushanyo, bituma Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma kwiyubaka ku nteko zigoye. Abakora batangiye gutanga amasahani hamwe nibishushanyo mbonera, umwobo wambaye imyenda, hamwe no guhuza ibintu bisanzwe guhura nibikenewe bitandukanye. Nubwo amarushanwa ava mu bundi buryo bwa Granite na Ceramic, Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma yagumanye niche yabo kuberako yazanywe no gukomera kwikinisha kubikorwa bikomeye.

Urufatiro rwo gushikama: Ubwubatsi inyuma ya Scope Base Base 

Nta kiganiro cya Metrologiya yinganda zuzuye hanze Fata amasaha y’ibinyampeke, intwari zitaringaniye zishyigikira sisitemu yo gupima imashini n’ibipimo. Izi masahani, akenshi santimetero nyinshi zijimye, zitanga urufatiro rutoroshye, rwubutambaro kubikoresho byo gushushanya nko gupima imashini zo gupima (CMMS) cyangwa indabyo nziza.

Igishushanyo cya Filozofiya inyuma Fata amasaha y’ibinyampeke Bimaze kugaragara mu ntangiriro z’ikinyejana cya 20, kuko hari ishingiro ryashatse kugabanya ubuvanganzo ibidukikije mu bipimo. Muguhuza urujijo rwimbere no guhangayikishwa no kugabanya ubuhanga, injeniyeri zongerewe gucika intege no kuramba. Bigezweho Fata amasaha y’ibinyampeke bakunze guhuzwa na sisitemu yo murwego hamwe na Shock-Absorbing Mouns-Guhungabana, kubuza zeru no muburyo bwa dinamike.

Ibibazo bijyanye nisahani yo hejuru yicyuma muri metero yinganda 

Ni iki gitandukanya isahani yo hejuru yicyuma uhereye ku isahani yubuso bwa granite? 

A SHAKA Isahani yo hejuru itanga ibisumbabyo birenze urugero no kurwanya ingaruka ugereranije na granite. Birasana kandi no gusiba cyangwa gusya, bigatuma ari byiza kubidukikije. Granite, mugihe inert ya shimi, iratongana kandi idahuye nimashini ziremereye.

Ni kangahe ikibanza cyo gutwara icyuma kigomba kuramburwa?

Gusubiramo intera ziterwa nuburemere bwimikoreshereze. Kubikoresha inganda za buri munsi, hasabwa umwaka realibration. Ariko, ubugenzuzi bugaragara bwo gushushanya cyangwa kwambara bigomba gukorwa buri kwezi kugirango bukomeze neza.

Isahani yo hejuru irashobora gukoreshwa hanze? 

Mugihe Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma ziramba, ndende yo guhura nubushuhe birashobora gutera ingese. Kubisabwa hanze, amasahani hamwe nimpande zombi zirwanya ruswa cyangwa gahunda yo kubungabunga ingwate irasabwa.

Ni ibihe bintu byerekana ubunini bwa plate base yicyuma?

Ubunini buteganijwe nubushobozi bwo kwikorera hamwe nibisabwa. Imashini ziremereye zishobora gusaba amasahani fatizo zirenga santimetero 6, mugihe cyoroshye cyoroshye gukora neza nibishushanyo 3-4.

Bajugunywa hejuru yicyuma bikwiranye nubushyuhe bukabije? 

SHAKA Icyuma kihanganye nihindagurika ryumucyo, ariko ubushyuhe bukabije burashobora kurwana hejuru. Mu bihe nk’ibi, ubushyuhe buhamye cyangwa sisitemu yo gukonjesha inyongera.

Kuva yatangitse mu mpinduramatwara y’inganda ku mazi yabo yo muri iki gihe, Amasahani yo hejuru y’icyuma, Gupakira Icyuma, na Fata amasaha y’ibinyampeke byabaye ngombwa kuri metero. Indorerezi zabo Ubwihindurize Iterabwoba mu Nkongato, Ibikoresho Ubumenyi, no Kumenyekanisha neza. Nkuko inganda zikomeje gushyira imbere neza no gukora neza, ibi bikoresho bizakomeza kuba intandaro kubitekerezo byiza no guhanga udushya. Abakora batanga aya masahani myinshi neza neza ko bahitamo kugenda, bashoboza inganda ku isi hose kugirango bashigikire ibipimo byinshi.